AnnotatedBibliography

Catherine Martinez 

Annotated Bibliography: Dairy Farming

Number of Dairy Farms: A Historical Picture of Massachusetts and the U.S. 1970. The Center For Agriculture, Food, and the Environment, Massachusetts. By University of Massachusetts.

Dairy farming is an establishment in which we receive our milk from; with milk we create other products such as cheese, yogurt, butter, etc. The animals that we get our milk supply from are cows and goats. This picture reveals what a dairy farms look like from a far away distance. In the photo it shows cows scattered in the field and behind the factory in which they proceed with the process of our daily use of dairy products. This picture relate to my presentation because I will be talking about Dairy farming.

"The Life of a Cow (on a Dairy Farm)." YouTube. PETA (People For The Ethical Treatment of Animals, 19 Dec. 2013. Web. 21 Apr. 2014.

On dairy farm its not a “safe” environment you can say because workers tend to treat animals as if they are going to be kind so there is no point in treating them well. This video is about the everyday life that many cows go through. It reveals all the mistreatment cows go through during their pregnancies, as well as their babies. This video relates to my topic because this the everyday life of a cow on a Dairy far and it is only fair that you get a chance to see what really happens.

Mathews, Harry. Harry's Old Engine. 1995. The Empire Milking Machine Company. Ontario, Canada. pag. Web.

Milking Machines are designed to get milk out of our precious cows faster, so that companies could make more money without having to pay someone to milk a cow for them.  People have grown to want things done fast because “faster is better,” you can say. This picture shows us what a milking machine looks like and how it functions. It works as a vacuum and it sucks the milk out of the cows in about 15 minutes. This relates to my topic because this is what is used on a dairy farm everyday and make companies lots of money.

Comparison of Liner Action with Pulsation Performance. 2003. LLC, New York. By William Gehm.

William is a 20-year experience researcher in milking machine performances and he discovered that these machines could cause an effect on these cows. It reveals that if these cows are not properly rested or their teats are not well maintained during and after the process, it can cause their flow in milk to decrease. Although these machines are fast we need to make sure that we take care of these cows because it can hurt them and that is why they will not produce milk the way that they should. This picture relates to my topic because there are bad effects to what these companies do to these cows.

Keirnan, Bill. Grass Fed versus Corn Fed: You Are What Your Food Eats. 2012. Global AgInvestigating, Global.

Keirnan gives a few differences in his article about how grass fed is better than corn fed such as the amount of Omega-3 and the high amount of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). Omega-3 is very important for a variety of reasons such as: keeping your blood pressure normal, keep your cholesterol normal, keep you from getting discomforts in your joints, and most of all fuel your brain. The CLA is a body fat blocker and in ways that must sound great because it keeps you from creating body fat. This picture relates to my topic because in order to have well grown cows to eat they have to be healthy for us to consume

America's Dairy Farmers. All About Cows. 2014. Dairy Farming Today, America.

There are organization and farmers who want to discontinue the abuse of animals in slaughterhouses and there are some that follow through with what change they want to see, In this care this organization is treating animals the way they should and feeding them the right amount of food and water everyday to ensure their health. This is a solution to all the mistreatment that cows go through everyday and it is awesome to see that some people are taking a stand to make a change.

Isaac Martinez

Annotated Bibliography: Vegetable Farming 

Ayyogari, Kondinya, Palash Sidhya, and M. K. Pandit. "Impact Of Climate Change On Vegetable Cultivation - A Review." International Journal Of Agriculture, Environment & Biotechnology 7.1 (2014): 145-155. Academic Search Premier. Web. 30 Apr. 2014.

Ayyogari and her collegeus discussed the disastrous effects of plants due to climate change. One major climate change that has swept the nation, the whole world as a matter of fact would be Global Warming and droughts. These two factors can make cultivation unprofitable with crops failing to propel grow in quantity and quality as well as an increase in pest and disease. The potato is the most vulnerable of the vegetable family to these effects since it requires an exact climate controlled environment to get it’s nutrients to grow. With the shift in the climate potato productivity is expected to decrease significantly by 2020. The depletion in our ozone layer doesn’t help our already distorted state for a good number of these plants cultivated in this harmful climate are exposing themselves to CO2 fertilization. In the long run will be released into the air and expose us to harmful UV Rays.

Chakrabarti, Manohar, et al. "A Cytochrome P450 Regulates A Domestication Trait In Cultivated Tomato." Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 110.42 (2013): 17125-17130. Academic Search Premier. Web. 30 Apr. 2014.

Domesticated crop plants have been known to have some effects on people and lifeforms, but Chakrabarti and Manohar give a deeper analysis as to why and what else the public may be unaware of. Produce is being genetically modified by farming in order to keep business and productivity moving. The first notable instance of this would be the cloning of a tomato and genetically modifying it’s mass. SlKLUH a type of enzyme is mainly used in the production of such tomatos and can determine the time it ripens. Along with CaKLUH accompanying it to determine the fruit’s weight the expectations of growing produce knows no bounds. in terms of science, but will also separate us from the “natural” element we all have become use to. Society is beginning to change the very fabric of what is known to be farming constantly wanted the best produce they can afford no questions asked. Only this type of blindness to our food is what could ultimately be our downfall.

Hendrickson, John. Grower to grower creating a livelihood on a fresh market vegetable farm. Madison, Wis.: Center for Integrated Agricultural Systems, 2005. Print.

Hendricks stated that with farming there are no clear guidelines to be successful in this industry, however there are necessary steps a farmer can take to maintaining his/her business. First, love what you’re doing because in taking care of any form of life either human or vegetable the care you have for it will show in the end. Next, the soil you use should be at the top of the list ensuring it has health, fertility and proper weed management. After that, techniques that can extend your growing season such as hoophouses will be great for business when your competitors are focusing on what to cultivate for the following season. Gross sales are sure to increase with this bountiful harvest. The list goes on elaborating on what is to be done to gain success in the farming industry, but starting off with these tips can ensure many opportunities and customers.

"Research and Markets Offers Report: Plant Factory Grow Lights and Controls Market Shares, Strategies, and Forecasts, Worldwide, to 2016." Entertainment Close-up 19 June 2010. General OneFile. Web. 30 Apr. 2014.

With this release of information we are shown that plants in factories are exposed to grow lights lamps for year round production.  This is seen as a useful way to take control of the farming method and growing vegetables ten times as much. This was shown as a trump card for Earth’s constantly growing population and the land along with the natural resources depleting severely. The inventors of these lights wanted to reduce the need for vegetables to depend on the climate change with an artificial environment to supply the needs of the people. The production of these vegetables is about two to four times faster with yields ten to twenty times larger as opposed to farming in the open air. With market leaders such as Phillips, SolarMax, and General Electric the factory industry part of farming will continue to flourish as long as these results continue to be above the hard day’s work of man.

"Vegetable Growers News." » Magazine » Article ». N.p., 22 Feb. 2011. Web. 25 Apr. 2014.

Farmers in Southeastern Pennsylvania were having trouble picking their strawberries which lasted them about four to six weeks. The constant stain of handpicking these items were starting to catch up with the farmers. It was a miracle that Ketih Zimmerman president of PBZ provided an instrument that would revolutionize farming itself. The “Picking Assistant” was designed with the farmer’s comfort in mind and to ease the workload of the farmer and protect them from the rain or any climate that was to come their way. The owner of  Shenk's Berry Farm near Lancaster, Pa., wanted to see if it would make his strawberry harvest would turn out by using these machines, so he purchased one a while back. He was very pleased with how useful and efficient it was and even though he still gets out the machine and picks by hand at times it’s seen as a personal preference. In the future he wants to incorporate the “Picking Assistant into his crew’s production rate and with Zimmerman selling the machines at $3,100 they both can turn a major profit.

Genesis Guzman 

Annotated Bibliography: Fish Farming 

“Fishy Farms: The Government’s Push for Factory Farming in Our Oceans.” Food Water Watch

General. N.p., 12 Oct. 2011. Web 29 Apr. 2014.

This is another website where they provide research, resources and tools, news and blogs, and also have their own take action column. They also accept donations. They helped by providing me this report called “Fishy Farms:…” in which entails to fish farming and how the government still funds it even though all it is doing is harming the people and the environment. The report also focuses on answering the question of why fish farming is not environmentally friendly and sustainable, why it won’t help the economy, and why it is unhealthy for the consumers. It all follows by describing the life on these farms.

“Overfishing Ocean Issues.” The Seafood Watch Program of the Monterey Bay 

Aquarium. Monterey Bay Aquarium Foundation, 1999-2014. Web. 29 Apr. 2014.

This site is very informative. They provide videos and images along with explanations and descriptions on how aquaculture is harmful and they also provided solutions that can be helpful for the consumer. We can take in all of it and put it into perspective on how the disadvantages of fish farming work. It was very detailed in each of their specific topic included such as fishing methods, aquaculture, wild seafood and what the businesses and consumers can do to help the situation.

Foley, Don. "Infographic: Fish Farming." Oceana. Ted Danson, 2012. Web. 17 Apr. 2014.

This website is an open door to those who want to help the marine ecosystem. It is an informative yet persuading site where one can read and see many ways of fish farming and what their organization is about. This site contains various articles, blog posts and facts about the ocean life. They talk about how there is still time to save the diversity of sea life and ocean conservation. Human influence is a big part in these ecosystems because we cause the problem but then again we can make the solution to provide change. Oceana wants to restore the health and life it provides us.

Selwyn, Jason. “Aquaculture: Predator Resistant Cages.” Speak up For Blue. N.p., 17 Apr. 2013. Web. 28 Apr. 2014.

This is a site where it was meant to inform those who want to know more about the ocean conservancy and those who want to help protect the ocean waters. It informs us with a detailed images and videos about aquaculture. It also includes their own blog in which I got the image from. They give those who are interests to help and make a change an opportunity in providing a career in the ocean conservancy organization. They provided the information in their blog where it helped me understand their point of view.

"Aquafarming." PETA. N.p., 2014. Web. 16 Apr. 2014.

Peta.org is another organization where they want to stop animal cruelty till the end. They not only focus on one topic but their site consists various sections filled with information of many livestock including fish as stated in the posts. Peta was founded in the year 1980 where it was decided that they wanted to give animals’ rights and justice. Their main focus is on factory farms, entertainment industries, laboratories and clothing trades. Their logo is “Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.” Their point in fish farming is that at least they should be treated with decency and in a humane was. 

 Jessica Arellano

Annotated Bibliography: Comparison 

Haspel, Tamar. "Is Organic Better for Your Health? A Look at Milk, Meat, Eggs, Produce and Fish." Washington Post. The Washington Post, n.d. Web. 25 Apr. 2014.

In this article it shows the differences between conventional farming and organic farming. It shows the benefit of each category of diary, meat, eggs and fish. In the diary category it shows organic farming is healthier choice than conventional farming. And in the meat section as while organic farming produces a way better healthier choice than convectional. In the egg it came out to be there's no differences of organic and conventional farming, it’s the same thing. And fishing has no organic standard

"What Is Organic." YouTube. YouTube, 16 May 2011. Web. 30 Apr. 2014.

In this video it shows the differences between organic farming and conventional farming. Also the video demonstrates that conventional farming uses chemicals such as federalizer, Pesticides and gmo’s. I found it very interesting that in the video it shows the difference little characters to show how the farming style of conventional and organic are different.   

The Danger of Pesticides in Fruits and Vegetable in Kids and Adults." YouTube. YouTube, 11 Oct. 2012. Web. 30 Apr. 2014.

The video shows a footage of an ongoing show of Doctor oz. In the show Doctor Oz, shows and examines fruits and vegetables. In the show he presents organic and conventional farming, fruits and vegetables. In the conventional farming had more pesticides than the organic farming. The outcome came to be that organic fruits and vegetables are better, fresher and cleaner than conventional farming.

"Farm Produce:NBO-NBP Vs.Others." Organic Etc. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Apr. 2014.

In this website it just showed images of different fruit or vegetables of conventional grown and organic grown. In the website the images also just gives a brief benefit of the vegetable. Also just looking at the image you can see the differences of the lettuce. The organic lettuce looks fresher/appalling than the conventional farming lettuce. Also the conventional farming lettuce has more Pesticides

Dahl, Melissa. "Yep, Organic Milk Really Is Better for You than Regular Milk - NBC News." NBC News. N.p., 10 Dec. 2013. Web. 27 Apr. 2014.

In this article it demonstrates how organic milk is healthier than regular milk. Due to the fact of what the cow is given to eat. Like if the cow eats grass the cow will be able to process the food and develop any fatty acid that helps the heart. Also organic milk helps with having the omega- 3 fats because it decreases the risk of depression, stroke, cancer and other diseases.

"Organic Food | LC Nutrition Solutions." LC Nutrition Solutions RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Apr. 2014.

In this website, it showed a diagram. The diagram shows both the differences between organic farming and conventional farming. Also the diagram shows the differences and benefits of each farming style. Like it states the conventional farming uses chemicals and in the other hand organic farming does not. In the diagram it comes to show organic farming is more benefit then conventional farming. The diagram also gives out fact about each farming system.